Catarina Isabel Ribeiro
1* 
, Clara Santos
1, Clara Almeida
1, Teresa Melo
2, David Tente
3, João Carlos Fernandes
11 Nephrology Department, Vila Nova de Gaia-Espinho Hospital Center, Vila Nova de Gaia, Porto, Portugal
2 Clinical Hematology Department, Vila Nova de Gaia-Espinho Hospital Center, Vila Nova de Gaia, Porto, Portugal
3 Pathologic Anatomy Department, Vila Nova de Gaia-Espinho Hospital Center, Vila Nova de Gaia, Porto, Portugal
Abstract
Type II mixed cryoglobulinemia is a systemic disease mediated by immune complexes. Renal involvement is present in almost one third of the cases and the membranoprolifer-ative pattern is the most common histological presentation. In turn, in Waldenström macroglobulinemia, renal impairment is rare, with few cases of associated cryoglobu-linemia being reported. The authors present the case of a patient with type II mixed cry-oglobulinemia associated with Waldenström macroglobulinemia diagnosis.
Implication for health policy/practice/research/medical education:
Type II mixed cryoglobulinemia is a systemic disease mediated by immune complexes and renal involvement is present in almost one third of the cases. In turn, in Walden-ström Macroglobulinemia, renal impairment is rare, with few cases of associated cryo-globulinemia being reported. The authors present the case of a patient with type II mixed cryoglobulinemia associated with Waldenström Macroglobulinemia, and empha-size the idiosyncrasy of clinical presentation and the importance of a systematic and methodical approach in the etiological screening of cryoglobulinemia.
Please cite this paper as: Isabel Ribeiro C, Santos C, Almeida C, Melo T, Tente D, Carlos Fernandes J. Mixed cryoglobulinemia; a rare presentation of Waldenström macroglobulinemia. J Nephropathol. 2022;11(3):e15957. DOI: 10.34172/jnp.2022.15957.