Tella Sadighpour
1,2* 
, Muhammed Mubarak
3 , Parastoo Sabaeifard
4 , Sanam Saeifar
5, Fatemeh Kenari
61 Florida International University, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
2 American University of Antigua, College of Medicine, Antigua and Barbuda
3 Department of Histopathology, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Karachi, Pakistan
4 Internal Medicine Department, Endocrine Division, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
5 Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (BMLS), Cluster of Excellence Frankfurt Macromolecular Complexes (CEF-MC), Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
6 Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
*Corresponding Author: *Corresponding author: Tella Sadighpour, Email: Tella.90s@gmail.com, tsadi003@fiu.edu, tellas@auamed.net, Email:
Tella.90s@gmail.com
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the currently prevailing pandemic that has besieged the whole world, is caused by a novel coronavirus, named as, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Initially, there was a focus on respiratory disease, which was and is the most predominant presentation. However, with increasing spread of the infection and consequent increasing knowledge and experience about the disease, it has become apparent that the virus has wide-ranging effects on other organs and systems, including heart, blood, kidney and gastrointestinal tract. A variety of mechanisms are involved in viral damage of these organs. Blood vessels, particularly the microvasculature, and blood clotting systems are also frequently targeted by the virus, especially in severe cases. This review narrates the available evidence on the mechanisms underlying hypercoagulability and thrombotic tendency in COVID-19 disease.
Implication for health policy/practice/research/medical education:
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a newly emerged pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-2) which was initially reported from Wuhan, China, in late 2019 but soon spread to affect the whole world. Although primarily thought to involve the respiratory system, the disease appears to involve many other organs/systems including kidneys. A variety of mechanisms is involved in causing damage to these organs by the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Increased coagulopathy is also being reported in COVID-19 patients, which may contribute to multi-organ damage and failure. There is a need for more studies on this subject to better understand and manage this complication in COVID-19 disease.
Please cite this paper as: Sadighpour T, Mubarak M, Sabaeifard P, Saeifar S, Kenari F. COVID-19 and renal involvement; evolving role of thromboinflammation, vascular and glomerular disease in the pathogenesis. J Nephropathol. 2021;10(3):e23. DOI: 10.34172/jnp.2021.23.