Abstract
Background: Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is involved in the initiation, progression, and complications of
atherosclerosis in diabetic patients.
Objectives: In the current study, the impact of alpha-lipoic acid (LA), a natural antioxidant and
a cofactor in the enzyme complexes on MPO, catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)
activity, glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) level, histopathology of kidney and
expression of antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), GPx and CAT which are involved
in the detoxification of reactive oxygen species (ROS), was evaluated in alloxan-induced diabetic
rats.
Materials and Methods: In this study, 30 male Rattus norvegicus rats randomly divided into three
groups; control (C), non-treated diabetic (NTD), and LA-treated diabetics (LATD) was induced by
alloxan monohydrate (100mg/kg; subcutaneous [SC]). Then treatment was performed with alphaLA
(100 mg/kg intraperitoneal (i.p) daily to 6 weeks). Blood sample of animals collected to measure
levels of MPO, CAT and GPx activity GSH and MDA. Kidney paraffin sections were prepared to
estimate histological studies and to measure quantitative gene expression SOD, GPX and CAT in
kidney.
Results: Induction of diabetes led to a significant increase in MPO and MDA, reduced GSH level
and GPx and CAT activities (P < 0.05). However, treatment with alpha-LA led to a significant
elevation in GPx, CAT and GSH levels with a reduction in MPO activities and MDA levels (P
< 0.05). Furthermore, the real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)
analysis results showed increased expressions of GPx, CAT and SOD enzyme in the treatment group
compared with the diabetic control group. Histopathological lesions such as increased glomerular
volume and lymphocyte infiltration were attenuated in the alpha-LA treated group.
Conclusions: Our findings indicated that alpha-LA supplementation is effective in preventing
complications induced by oxidative stress and atherosclerosis in diabetic rats.