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J Nephropathol. 2024;13(2): e22540.
doi: 10.34172/jnp.2024.22540

Scopus ID: 85188340468
  Abstract View: 408
  PDF Download: 202

Original Article

Comparative effects of candesartan and losartan on mesangial expansion and glomerular volume in diabetes rat model receiving rosmarinic acid therapy

Nur Samsu 1* ORCID logo, Pandu Tridana Sakti 2 ORCID logo, Achmad Rifai 1 ORCID logo

1 Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia
2 Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia
*Corresponding Author: Nur Samsu, Email: nur_samsu.fk@ub.ac.id

Abstract

Introduction: An oxidative stress and angiotensin II (Ang II) contribute significantly in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Therefore, interventions targeting these factors are anticipated to significantly contribute to inhibiting the progression of diabetic kidney disease.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of a combination of rosmarinic acid (RA) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) in preventing mesangial expansion and reducing glomerular volume in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.

Materials and Methods: We observed experimental animals, 16 adults male Wistar rats, which were randomly grouped into 4 groups (n=4 per group): negative and positive control groups and diabetic rats treated with RA 75 mg/kg and candesartan 1 mg/kg (treatment group 1) and RA therapy 75 mg/kg and losartan 2.5 mg/kg (treatment group 2). Following 8 weeks of therapy, the renal histology was assessed to evaluate mesangial expansion and glomerular volume.

Results: In comparison to the positive control, treatment group 1 demonstrated a significant inhibition of mesangial expansion (MD: -19.92; 95% CI: -21.97, -17.87; P<0.001) and decreased glomerular volume (MD: 2669.06; 95% CI: 2066.31, 3271.80; P<0.001). Similarly, treatment group 2 significantly inhibited mesangial expansion (MD: -19.21; 95% CI: -21.26, -17.16; P<0.001) and decreased glomerular volume (MD: 2488.04; 95% CI: 1885.29, 3090.78; P<0.001) compared to the positive control. While treatment group 1 exhibited better effects than treatment group 2, although the difference was not statistically significant.

Conclusion: In STZ-induced diabetic rats, combination therapy of RA with candesartan or losartan can inhibit mesangial expansion and decrease glomerular volume.


Implication for health policy/practice/research/medical education:

It is anticipated that the outcomes of this study will yield significant insights into the potential of combining the antioxidant rosmarinic acid with specific angiotensin receptor blockers to impede the progression of diabetic nephropathy. This combination could potentially be formulated as an innovative therapeutic approach for diabetic kidney disease, serving as both a prophylactic intervention and a treatment strategy to avert the progression to chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease.

Please cite this paper as: Samsu N, Tridana Sakti P, Rifai A. Comparative effects of candesartan and losartan on mesangial expansion and glomerular volume in diabetes rat model receiving rosmarinic acid therapy. J Nephropathol. 2024;13(2):e22540. DOI: 10.34172/ jnp.2024.22540.

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Submitted: 05 Jan 2024
Accepted: 16 Feb 2024
ePublished: 10 Mar 2024
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