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J Nephropathol. 2025;14(1): e26564.
doi: 10.34172/jnp.2025.26564
  Abstract View: 19
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Original Article

Factors affecting carotid artery intima-media thickness in children with chronic kidney disease

Nasrin Esfandiar 1 ORCID logo, Mitra Khalili 2 ORCID logo, Masoumeh Mohkam 3 ORCID logo, Mahmood Hajipour 4 ORCID logo, Golsa Tajziehchi 5* ORCID logo, Sara Rashki Ghalenoo 6 ORCID logo

1 Pediatric Nephrology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mofid Children’s Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Mofid Children’s Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran
3 Pediatric Nephrology Research Center, Research Institute for Children’s Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4 Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Research Center, Research Institute for Children’s Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
5 School of Medicine, Mofid Children’s Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
6 Department of Cardiology, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
*Corresponding Author: Golsa Tajziehchi, Email: golsataj@yahoo.com

Abstract

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease is associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in both children and adults. It is difficult to assess cardiovascular status in children for various reasons, such as the lack of clinical manifestations in the early stages of cardiovascular disease. One of the methods for assessing the cardiovascular status of patients is to assess the carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT). However, only limited studies have been conducted on children to date.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate factors affecting CIMT in children with chronic renal failure.

Patients and Methods: This case-control study evaluated the CIMT of children hospitalized with CKD in Mofid children’s hospital (Tehran, Iran) from 2019 to 2021. All children with CKD were selected during the three-year period as the case group of 50 people. The control group was randomly selected from 150 people who were referred to other departments. Medical record information and detailed clinical examinations, laboratory and biochemical tests, and ultrasound examination of CIMT were recorded and analyzed. A significance level of 0.05 was considered.

Results: This study showed, 52% of the patients were boys and the rest were girls (P=0.80). The mean age in the patient group was 76.9±10.4 months since the mean age of control group was 32.8±3 months (P=0.008). The mean weight in the patient group was lower than in the control group (P=0.0004). The median CIMT in the patient group was significantly higher than in the control group (right and left CIMT for the patient group 0.48 mm and for the control group of the right and left carotid 0.41 mm and 0.42 mm, respectively; P< 0.05). We also found age, weight, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), serum vitamin D and uric acid levels and also blood glucose concentration were correlated with the CIMT (P<0.05).

Conclusion: It is concluded that CIMT is a useful method for assessing the cardiovascular status of children with CKD.


Implication for health policy/practice/research/medical education:

The aim of this study was to investigate factors associated with carotid artery intima-media thickness of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children. The median carotid artery intima-media thickness in the patient group was significantly higher than in the control group. We also found age, weight, mean corpuscular volume, serum vitamin D and uric acid levels and also blood glucose concentration were correlated with carotid artery intima-media thickness.

Please cite this paper as: Esfandiar N, Khalili M, Mohkam M, Hajipour M, Tajziehchi G, Rashki Ghalenoo S. Factors affecting carotid artery intima-media thickness in children with chronic kidney disease. J Nephropathol. 2025;14(1):e26564. DOI: 10.34172/jnp.2025.26564.

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Submitted: 07 Jul 2024
Accepted: 09 Sep 2024
ePublished: 17 Oct 2024
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