Society of Diabetic Nephropathy Prevention Journal of Nephropathology 2251-8363 11 2 2022 04 01 Ameliorative impact of ezetimibe on gentamicin-induced kidney damage; A histopathological perspective study e17341 e17341 10.34172/jnp.2022.17341 EN Elham Emami https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7573-6800 Ali Hasanpour Dehkordi https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4285-8497 Ahmadreza Maghsoudi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0173-1222 Hamid Nasri https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1673-5741 Alireza Vahedi https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2537-1812 Journal Article 10.34172/jnp.2022.17341 2021 09 11 2021 12 20 Introduction: Gentamicin, despite its beneficial effects, has significant nephrotoxic effects that are observed in 20% of the patients. Ezetimibe is recognized as an inhibitor of cholesterol absorption. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the histopathological effects of ezetimibe on gentamicin-induced kidney damage. Material and Methods: Twenty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups and treated as the following; group 1 (normal group), group 2 [gentamicin group, daily 80 mg/kg, intraperitoneal (i.p.) for seven days], group 3-5 (gentamicin 80 + ezetimibe at doses of 2.5, 12.5, and 37.5 mg/kg, respectively). Kidney sections were examined for histopathological parameters including vacuolization of the tubular renal cells, degeneration, necrosis, flattening of the tubular cells and debris in the tubular lumen. Results: Gentamicin injection significantly induced histopathological alterations (P< 0.05). Ezetimibe therapy significantly decreased the levels of vacuolization, degeneration, necrosis, flattening of the tubular cells and debris in the nephrotoxic rats (P< 0.05). Conclusion: The results illustrated that treatment with ezetimibe can improve kidney damage caused by gentamicin injection.