Society of Diabetic Nephropathy Prevention Journal of Nephropathology 2251-8363 12 2 2023 03 18 IgA vasculitis nephritis (Schönlein-Henoch purpura with nephritis) following COVID-19 vaccination e21447 e21447 10.34172/jnp.2023.21447 EN Leila Mahmoodnia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0495-4683 Shahin Asgari Savadjani https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5878-4608 Leila Mostafavi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8383-3678 Setayesh Sotoudehnia Korani https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6681-9399 Fatemeh Mohammad Alizadeh https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2467-5777 Mahshid Sadat Chenarani Moghadam Hamid Reza Jahantigh https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0482-7510 Sina Neshat https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6522-1865 Ali Shirbacheh https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5334-0736 Jyoti Baharani https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4539-9927 Rohollah Masomi https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4439-6214 Zahra Golestani Hotkani Journal Article 10.34172/jnp.2023.21447 2023 01 08 2023 02 09 IgA vasculitis nephritis (Schönlein-Henoch purpura nephritis) is an autoimmune circumstance characterized by palpable purpura involving the lower limbs, arthralgia, abdominal pain and kidney involvement. It is possible that a cytokine storm following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) could lead to an immunological dysregulation responsible for IgA vasculitis nephritis in these cases. Reactivation or first onset of IgA vasculitis nephritis is uncommon; however, there have been increasing reports of this disease, as a complication of COVID-19 vaccination. It is possible that COVID-19 mRNA vaccination may trigger several auto-inflammatory and autoimmune cascades. Previous research has shown that Toll-like receptors play a role in the development of IgA vasculitis nephritis. Following injection of a COVID-19 mRNA vaccine, the uptake of double-stranded RNA by-products will trigger Toll-like receptors, leading to a series of intracellular cascades starting an innate immunity-driven process of cell-mediated and humoral- mediated immunity.