Society of Diabetic Nephropathy Prevention Journal of Nephropathology 2251-8363 14 3 2025 07 01 Endocrine manifestations of renal tumors; current knowledge e27588 e27588 10.34172/jnp.2025.27588 EN Ali Thoulfikar A. Imeer https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0842-1072 Abdul Amir H. Kadhum https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4074-9123 Qais R. Lahhob https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5259-8946 Hussein Ali Al-Bahrani https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-3359 Maytham Ahmed AbdulAemah https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3333-9778 Omer Mansib Kassid https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6459-0773 Journal Article 10.34172/jnp.2025.27588 2024 10 13 2025 01 31 Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) can lead to various paraneoplastic syndromes, both endocrine and non-endocrine. Endocrine manifestations include hypercalcemia, hypertension, polycythemia, galactorrhea, Cushing’s syndrome, and alterations in glucose metabolism. These syndromes are not necessarily indicative of metastatic disease or poor prognosis but can present as paraneoplastic manifestations of primary or recurrent RCC. Understanding these manifestations is crucial for diagnosis and treatment, as they may be the initial signs of the disease.