Society of Diabetic Nephropathy Prevention Journal of Nephropathology 2251-8363 15 1 2026 01 01 Associated factors of kidney disease index among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus; a cross-sectional study in Vietnam e27653 e27653 10.34172/jnp.2025.27653 EN Tuan Quoc Le https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0485-1665 Khanh Minh Thanh https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8129-4156 Tien Van Tran https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8133-8027 Truc Quynh Doan https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1790-6273 Ngan My Tang https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4427-4375 Khang Minh Le Dang https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2875-1475 Minh Thi Hoang https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7638-0554 Tinh Thi Hoang Loan Thanh Pham Ha Thi Hoang Do Thuan Quang Huynh https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0162-171X Journal Article 10.34172/jnp.2025.27653 2025 05 23 2025 08 08 Introduction: The kidney disease index (KDI), a novel index combining estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR), has been proposed as a potential clinical tool for accurately assessing kidney function. This may aid in the better prediction of cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. Objectives: This study aims to investigate the mean value of the KDI and to evaluate the association between KDI, clinical, and paraclinical factors, and the 10-year cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes patients. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 87 individuals (42 males and 45 females) diagnosed with type 2 DM. Fasting blood samples were taken to measure fasting plasma glucose (FPG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), blood lipid profile, creatinine, and cystatin C levels. Spot urine samples were collected to assess urinary albumin, creatinine, and UACR. The eGFR values were calculated using the 2021 Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) Creatinine-Cystatin C equation. KDI was calculated as the geometric mean of 1/eGFR and the natural logarithmic transformation of (100×UACR). Traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors were included in calculating the 10-year cardiovascular risk, based on the Framingham risk score. Results: The results show that the mean value of KDI was 0.54±0.28. Independently associated factors with KDI were age (P=0.044), duration of DM (P< 0.001), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) (P=0.008), and HbA1c (P= 0.001). The correlation between the 10-year cardiovascular disease risk, as determined by the Framingham risk score, and KDI (r = 0.294, P=0.024) was stronger than that of eGFR (r = -0.257, P=0.049) but not UACR (r = 0.182, P=0.168). Conclusion: Adhering to recommendations for screening kidney function and injury in type 2 DM patients who are of advanced age, have a long duration of DM, have low plasma HDL-c levels, and high HbA1c levels is crucial. The potential inclusion of KDI in the prognostic models for adverse events, particularly cardiovascular disease and mortality, may provide additional insight alongside routine tests such as eGFR and UACR.