Nephro and neurotoxicity of calcineurin inhibitors and mechanisms of rejections: A review on tacrolimus and cyclosporin in organ transplantation

Zahra Tolou-Ghamari ¹ *

Cited by CrossRef: 15

1- Fu R, Tajima S, Suetsugu K, Watanabe H, Egashira N, Masuda S. Biomarkers for individualized dosage adjustments in immunosuppressive therapy using calcineurin inhibitors after organ transplantation. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2019;40(2):151 [Crossref]

2- Zhang J, Ma D, Chen M, Hu Y, Chen X, Chen J, Huang M, Dai H. Prevalence and clinical significance of potential drug-drug interactions among lung transplant patients. Front Pharmacol. 2024;15 [Crossref]

3- Groll A, Townsend R, Desai A, Azie N, Jones M, Engelhardt M, Schmitt‐Hoffman A, Brüggemann R. Drug‐drug interactions between triazole antifungal agents used to treat invasive aspergillosis and immunosuppressants metabolized by cytochrome P450 3A4. Transplant Infectious Dis. 2017;19(5) [Crossref]

4- Janikowska G, Kurzeja E, Janikowski M, Strzałka-Mrozik B, Pyka-Pająk A, Janikowski T. The Effect of Cyclosporine A on Dermal Fibroblast Cell - Transcriptomic Analysis of Inflammatory Response Pathway. CPB. 2020;21(12):1213 [Crossref]

5- Shin Y, Lim S, Cui S, Ko E, Chung B, Kim H, Riew T, Lee M, Yang C. Tacrolimus Decreases Cognitive Function by Impairing Hippocampal Synaptic Balance: a Possible Role of Klotho. Mol Neurobiol. 2021;58(11):5954 [Crossref]

6- Fu K, DiNorcia J, Sher L, Velani S, Akhtar S, Kalayjian L, Sanossian N. Predictive Factors of Neurological Complications and One-Month Mortality after Liver Transplantation. Front Neurol. 2014;5 [Crossref]

7- Afzali S, Salehi S, Shahi A, Amirzargar A. B cell modulation strategies in the improvement of transplantation outcomes. Molecular Immunology. 2020;125:140 [Crossref]

8- Mencarelli A, Vacca M, Khameneh H, Acerbi E, Tay A, Zolezzi F, Poidinger M, Mortellaro A. Calcineurin B in CD4+ T Cells Prevents Autoimmune Colitis by Negatively Regulating the JAK/STAT Pathway. Front Immunol. 2018;9 [Crossref]

9- Zhang W, Matsukane R, Egashira N, Tsuchiya Y, Fu R, Yamamoto S, Hirota T, Ieiri I. Neuroprotective effects of ibudilast against tacrolimus induced neurotoxicity. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. 2022;449:116112 [Crossref]

10- Meng L, Feng K, Ren Y. Molecular modelling studies of tricyclic triazinone analogues as potential PKC-θ inhibitors through combined QSAR, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations techniques. Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers. 2018;91:155 [Crossref]

11- Wilmes D, Coche E, Rodriguez-Villalobos H, Kanaan N. Fungal pneumonia in kidney transplant recipients. Respiratory Medicine. 2021;185:106492 [Crossref]

12- Moein M, Vlassis I, Saidi R. Post-Kidney Transplant Brief Psychosis in a Patient With MYH9-Related Disease: A Case Report. Transplantation Proceedings. 2022;54(10):2744 [Crossref]

13- Tolou-Ghamari Z. Review of Association between Urinary Tract Infections and Immunosuppressive Drugs after Heart Transplantation. RRCT. 2025;20(1):18 [Crossref]

14- Ssebambulidde K, Anjum S, Hargarten J, Chittiboina P, Shoham S, Seyedmousavi S, Marr K, Hammoud D, Billioux B, Williamson P. Treatment recommendations for non-HIV associated cryptococcal meningoencephalitis including management of post-infectious inflammatory response syndrome. Front Neurol. 2022;13 [Crossref]